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IFN-γ
✍ dations ◷ 2025-10-28 07:30:21 #IFN-γ
1EKU, 1FG9, 1FYH, 1HIG, 3BES· extracellular space· negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
· neutrophil apoptotic process
· regulation of the force of heart contraction
· positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation
· adaptive immune response
· CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response
· negative regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis
· apoptotic process
· cellular component movement
· humoral immune response
· cell cycle arrest
· cell surface receptor signaling pathway
· response to virus
· cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
· antigen processing and presentation
· neutrophil chemotaxis
· endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response
· negative regulation of myelination
· positive regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic
· negative regulation of interleukin-17 production
· positive regulation of interleukin-12 production
· positive regulation of interleukin-23 production
· positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production
· positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein
· positive regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process
· positive regulation of T cell proliferation
· response to drug
· positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1 protein
· defense response to bacterium
· defense response to protozoan
· negative regulation of growth of symbiont in host
· positive regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process
· positive regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process
· positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process
· positive regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process
· positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
· positive regulation of neuron differentiation
· positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation
· positive regulation of cell adhesion
· positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
· positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes
· negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
· positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion
· regulation of insulin secretion
· positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis
· defense response to virus
· positive regulation of killing of cells of other organism
· interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
· regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
· positive regulation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase activity
· positive regulation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate metabolic process
· positive regulation of vitamin D biosynthetic process
· positive regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity
· cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
· cellular response to interleukin-18
· negative regulation of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation结构 / ECOD干扰素-γ(Interferon gamma、Interferon-γ、IFNG、IFNγ)是水溶性二聚体的细胞因子。是II型干扰素的唯一成员曾被称为巨噬细胞活化因子。干扰素伽玛蛋白的单体是由六个α螺旋组成一个核心和在C端区延伸展开的片断序列。生物活性的二聚体是由两个反平行相互锁定的单体形成。所有的细胞都可以产生干扰素-α和干扰素-β, 而干扰素伽玛只由活化T细胞和自然杀伤细胞(NK细胞)产生。 在血清学上,I型干扰素是酸稳定, 而干扰素伽玛则遇酸变性。干扰素伽玛具有抗病毒、免疫调节及抗肿瘤特性。可以与结合到干扰素伽玛受体(IFNGR),干扰素伽玛受体由两个亚基组成。干扰素伽玛结合激活其受体调节JAK-STAT通路。干扰素伽玛激活抗原提呈细胞,通过上调转录因子T-bet而促进I型辅助T细胞(Th1细胞)的分化。干扰素伽玛是I型辅助T细胞(Th1细胞)的标志性的细胞因子。II型辅助T细胞(Th2细胞)释放白细胞介素-4 (IL-4) 和白细胞介素-13 (IL-13)。自然杀伤细胞和CD8+T细胞也产生干扰素伽玛。干扰素伽玛通过迅速降解RANK-RANKL信号通路的TRAF6而抑制破骨细胞形成。干扰素可以用来治疗传染病,但也能促成自体免疫。在接受干扰素伽玛治疗的病人中,多达19%的病人会有自体免疫.干扰素IFNγ用于猪生殖与呼吸道综合症PRRSV的治疗上,有试验发现干扰素IFNγ能活化先天免疫细胞,进而达到抑制病毒数量的效果。A型流感的治疗上,也有小鼠试验表现出当缺失干扰素后,流感感染小鼠死亡率大幅提升且体内病毒数量维持高浓度水平;相较之下,体内有干扰素存在的小鼠,流感病毒数量随着干扰素的生成而逐渐下降。干扰素-γ
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