多巴胺受體D2

✍ dations ◷ 2025-09-19 05:59:56 #位于11号人类染色体的基因,G蛋白偶联受体,精神药理学,注意力不足过动症生物学

6CM4

NM_016574、NM_000795、XM_017017296

NM_010077、XM_006509996

NP_000786、NP_057658、XP_016872785
NP_000786.1

NP_034207、XP_006510059

多巴胺受体D2(Dopamine receptor D2,简称D2R),为翻译自 基因的一种多巴胺受体蛋白。D2R最早于1975年为Philip Seeman(英语:Philip Seeman)所发现,并将其命名为“抗精神疾患性多巴胺受体”()。D2R为所有抗精神病药物的作用标的。

D2R属于一种多巴胺受体(英语:dopamine receptor),并会与Gi结合。Gi为G蛋白偶联受体的一种亚型,会抑制腺苷酸环化酶的活性。

在小鼠模式中,齿状回(英语:dentate gyrus)的neuronal calcium sensor-1(英语:neuronal calcium sensor-1)(NCS-1)会影响D2R在细胞膜的表现量。这项机制会影响突触可塑性及记忆形成。

在苍蝇模式中,多巴胺性神经元上的D2R自体受器(英语:autoreceptor)能避免神经元死亡,进而引发类帕金森病的症状。

Alternative splicing of this gene results in three transcript variants encoding different isoform(英语:isoform)s.

The long form (D2Lh) has the "canonical" sequence and functions as a classic post-synaptic receptor.The short form (D2Sh) is pre-synaptic and functions as an autoreceptor(英语:autoreceptor) that regulates the levels of dopamine in the synaptic cleft.Agonism of D2sh receptors inhibits dopamine release; antagonism increases dopaminergic(英语:dopaminergic) release.A third D2(Longer) form differs from the canonical sequence where 270V is replaced by VVQ.

等位基因变异:

Some researchers have previously associated the polymorphism Taq 1A (rs1800497) to the gene.However, the polymorphism resides in exon 8 of the gene.DRD2 TaqIA polymorphism has been reported to be associated with an increased risk for developing motorfluctuations but not hallucinations in Parkinson's disease.

Most of the older antipsychotic drugs such as chlorpromazine and haloperidol are antagonists for the dopamine D2 receptor, but are, in general, very unselective, at best selective only for the "D2-like family" receptors and so binding to D2, D3 and D4, and often also to many other receptors such as those for serotonin and histamine, resulting in a range of side-effects and making them poor agents for scientific research. In similar manner, older dopamine agonists used for Parkinson's disease such as bromocriptine and cabergoline(英语:cabergoline) are poorly selective for one dopamine receptor over another, and, although most of these agents do act as D2 agonists, they affect other subtypes as well. Several selective D2 ligands are, however, now available, and this number is likely to increase as further research progresses.

The dopamine receptor D2 has been shown to interact with EPB41L1(英语:EPB41L1),PPP1R9B(英语:PPP1R9B)and NCS-1(英语:NCS-1).

The D2 receptor forms receptor heterodimers(英语:GPCR oligomer) (in living animals) with other G protein-coupled receptors; these include:

The D2 receptor has been shown to form hetorodimers (and possibly ) with DRD3(英语:Dopamine D3 receptor),DRD5(英语:Dopamine receptor D5),and 5-HT2A(英语:5-HT2A receptor).


多巴胺受体D2引用了美国国家医学图书馆提供的数据,这些数据属于公共领域。

Template:Dopaminergics

相关

  • 路易斯·巴斯德路易·巴斯德(法语:Louis Pasteur,发音:.mw-parser-output .IPA{font-family:"Charis SIL","Doulos SIL","Linux Libertine","Segoe UI","Lucida Sans Unicode","Code2000","Gen
  • 有机质有机物质是由有机化合物所组成的,来自曾经生活过的生物体,如动物或植物在环境中产生的代谢废物和遗体。基本结构是由纤维素、单宁、角质、木质素和不同的蛋白质、脂质和糖类
  • 布莱克本伊丽莎白·海伦·布莱克本,FRS(英语:Elizabeth Helen Blackburn,1948年11月26日-),分子生物学家,生于澳大利亚、现居美国,拥有澳、美两国国籍,现任加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校生物化学与
  • 新西伯利亚新西伯利亚(俄语:Новосиби́рск,IPA:.mw-parser-output .IPA{font-family:"Charis SIL","Doulos SIL","Linux Libertine","Segoe UI","Lucida Sans Unicode","Code20
  • 中国植物志《中国植物志》(拉丁语:Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae)是全面总结中国维管植物系统分类的著作,由科学出版社出版,共计80卷(126册):761。1959年10月成立编辑委员会,由钱崇澍、
  • 弯曲键弯曲键,也称香蕉键,是有机化学中的一类共价键,其3D模拟形状就像一个香蕉。这个概念描述的是一个小环分子内“弯曲的”电子密度或电子排布,例如环丙烷,白磷中的共价键和乙硼烷中的
  • 净利润利润(Profit)是一种经济学概念,有两种含义:虽然在有些分析中不十分明显,但是仍然需要注意的是,正常利润包括机会成本。企业家利润通常是正数,但正常利润一词则既可以是正数,也可以是
  • 福德爷长庆庙坐标:25°01′30″N 121°31′19″E / 25.025014°N 121.521852°E / 25.025014; 121.521852福德爷长庆庙,简称长庆庙,是位于台湾台北市中正区板溪里的土地祠,历史可追溯至清治
  • 李昆李昆可能指下列人物:
  • 长生殿破不刺马嵬驿舍,冷清清佛堂倒斜。一代红颜为君绝,千秋遗恨滴罗巾血。半棵树是薄命碑碣,一抔土是断肠墓穴。再无人过荒凉野,莽天涯谁吊梨花谢!可怜那抱幽怨的孤魂,只伴着呜咽咽的望