生存还是毁灭

✍ dations ◷ 2025-07-06 02:14:14 #莎士比亚悲剧作品

“生存还是毁灭”(英语:To be, or not to be)是莎士比亚的一出戏剧《哈姆雷特》第三幕第一场,哈姆雷特王子一段句白的第一句;很多人也会用这句来指整段句白。它是世界文学中常见被引用的一句 整句的全文 是:To be or not to be, that is the question

而 整段句白 是:

"To be, or not to be" is one of the most widely known and quoted lines in modern English, and the soliloquy has been referenced in innumerable works of theatre, literature and music. Hamlet is commonly depicted as reciting the first line while holding a skull, although both occur at separate times—the soliloquy is done in Act III, Scene I; while the contemplation of the skull is done in Act V, Scene I.

Much of the plot of 1942 sophisticated comedy To Be or Not to Be, by Ernst Lubitsch, is focused on the monologue of Hamlet; in 1957 comedy film A King in New York, Charlie Chaplin recites the famous monologue in the shoes of the ambiguous king Shahdov.

Hamlet's famous line inspired the title of Kurt Vonnegut's 1962 short story 2 B R 0 2 B (The zero is pronounced "naught"). The narrative takes place in a dystopian future where the United States government, through scientific advancement, has achieved a “cure” for both aging and overpopulation. The alphabetical/numerical reformulation of Shakespeare's lines serves in the story as the phone number for the Federal Bureau of Termination's assisted suicide request line.

In 1963 at a debate in Oxford, Black liberation leader Malcolm X quoted the first few lines of the soliloquy to make a point about "extremism in defense of liberty."

P.D. James' dystopian novel The Children of Men (1992) refers to expected or forced mass suicides of the elderly as "Quietus". The film adaptation Children of Men (2006) portrays a self-administered home suicide kit, labelled "Quietus".

Last Action Hero (1993) has Jack Slater parody the phrase before blowing up a building behind him just by smoking a cigar. His version has him say "To be, or not to be? Not to be."

Star Trek's sixth film was named after the "Undiscovered Country" line from this soliloquy. References are made to Shakespeare during the film including Klingon translations of his works and the use of the phrase "taH pagh, taHbe' ", roughly meaning "whether to continue, or not to continue ."

The book (and later film) What Dreams May Come also derives its name from a line from this soliloquy. A shorter Hindi version of "To be, or not to be" was recited by Shahid Kapoor in the 2014 Bollywood film Haider.

Stargate Atlantis, the Season 4 Episode 10 named "This Mortal Coil" (2008) after the soliloquy, as well as Season 4 Episode 11 named "Be All My Sins Remember'd" (2008). These episodes involved learning about and fighting the artificial intelligence species Replicator.

There are numerous snowclones based on the phrase, such as "To hack or not to hack", etc.

The virtuoso soliloquy in Carl Michael Bellman's Fredman's Epistle "Ack du min moder" was described by the poet and literary historian Oscar Levertin as "the to-be-or-not-to-be of Swedish literature".

相关

  • 恩前列素恩前列素是一种合成的类地诺前列酮前列腺素,它可以用来作胃部HCl分泌的强效抑制剂。 因而常被用来作抗酸或溃疡药。它的药理作用基本与米索前列醇相同。医学导航:遗传代谢缺陷
  • 佩勒姆亨利·佩勒姆(Henry Pelham,1694年9月25日-1754年3月6日),英国辉格党政治家,曾任首相(1743年8月27日 - 1754年3月6日),任内逝世。继任人为其长兄纽卡素公爵。亨利·佩勒姆,佩勒姆男爵
  • 四级结构蛋白质四级结构(英语:Protein quaternary structure)是生物化学中用于描述多亚基蛋白质复合物中各个折叠蛋白质亚基的排列组合。许多蛋白质实际上是多个多肽链的组装。 四级结
  • 红辣椒《盗梦侦探》(日语:パプリカ)是日本作家筒井康隆撰写的科幻小说。原作第一部于《Marie Claire》1991年1月号至1992年3月号、第二部于《Marie Claire》1992年8月号至1993年6月号
  • 明星咖啡馆明星咖啡馆是位于台湾台北市中正区武昌街一段5号的西餐厅,同时贩售面包与糕点,成立于1949年。俄国共产革命后,流亡到中国的俄罗斯皇室军官艾斯尼(George Elsner)投靠在上海霞飞路
  • 贾巴尔做为球员:做为助理教练:卡里姆·阿卜杜勒-贾巴尔(阿拉伯语:كريم عبد الجبار‎,英语:Kareem Abdul-Jabbar),原名为小费迪南德·刘易斯·阿尔辛多(英语:Ferdinand Lewis
  • 裸藻目裸藻目(Euglenales) 为原生生物:藻类之一种。该物种于分类表上,归于裸藻门 (Euglenophyta)裸藻纲 (Euglenophyceae),同纲者尚有柄裸藻目(Colaciales)。
  • 德米特里·瓦尔沙洛维奇德米特里·亚历山德罗维奇·瓦尔沙洛维奇(俄语:Дмитрий Александрович Варшалович,1934年8月14日-2020年4月21日),俄罗斯理论物理学家,俄罗斯科学院
  • 苍蝇王苍蝇王可以指:
  • 梶原武雄梶原武雄(1923年2月25日-2009年11月28日),日本新潟县人,日本棋院九段棋士;关山利一九段门下。由于具有优秀的大局观以及对棋形执著的求道精神,再加上给予年轻棋士的熏陶,因此带给围