美国宪法第二十条修正案

宪法正文I ∙ II ∙ III ∙ IV ∙ V ∙ VI ∙ VII其它修正案 XI ∙ XII ∙ XIII ∙ XIV ∙ XV XVI ∙ XVII ∙ XVIII ∙ XIX ∙ XX XXI ∙ XXII ∙ XXIII ∙ XXIV ∙ XXV XXVI ∙ XXVII美利坚合众国宪法第二十条修正案由联邦国会于1932年3月2日提出，于1933年1月23日得到了第36个州的批准，达到法定所需要的四分之三（当时美国有48个州）多数标准而开始生效。这一条修正案对总统、副总统及国会议员的任期起始和结束的具体日期作出了规定，并规定了如果总统上任前已经死亡时的继任和补救程序。此修正案生效后，总统、副总统由原来3月4日提前在1月20日上任，国会议员由原来3月4日提前在1月3日上任。Section 1. The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin.Section 2. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.Section 3. If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the President, the President elect shall have died, the Vice President elect shall become President. If a President shall not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of his term, or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice President elect shall act as President until a President shall have qualified; and the Congress may by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor a Vice President elect shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as President, or the manner in which one who is to act shall be selected, and such person shall act accordingly until a President or Vice President shall have qualified.Section 4. The Congress may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them.Section 5. Sections 1 and 2 shall take effect on the 15th day of October following the ratification of this article.Section 6. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several States within seven years from the date of its submission.国会于1932年3月2日提出第20条修正案，并由以下州给予批准：密苏里州是第36个批准的州，由于当时美国一共有48个州，因此这时修正案已经达到法定所需的四分之三的州批准而成为宪法的一部分。之后修正案还得到了下列州的批准：