首页 >
Dsub2/subR
✍ dations ◷ 2025-09-16 18:53:45 #D<sub>2</sub>R
6CM4181313489ENSG00000149295ENSMUSG00000032259P14416P61168NM_016574、NM_000795、XM_017017296NM_010077、XM_006509996NP_000786、NP_057658、XP_016872785NP_000786.1NP_034207、XP_006510059多巴胺受体D2(Dopamine receptor D2,简称D2R),为翻译自 DRD2 基因的一种多巴胺受体蛋白。D2R最早于1975年为Philip Seeman(英语:Philip Seeman)所发现,并将其命名为“抗精神疾患性多巴胺受体”(antipsychotic dopamine receptor)。D2R为所有抗精神病药物的作用标的。D2R属于一种多巴胺受体(英语:dopamine receptor),并会与Gi结合。Gi为G蛋白偶联受体的一种亚型,会抑制腺苷酸环化酶的活性。在小鼠模式中,齿状回(英语:dentate gyrus)的neuronal calcium sensor-1(英语:neuronal calcium sensor-1)(NCS-1)会影响D2R在细胞膜的表现量。这项机制会影响突触可塑性及记忆形成。在苍蝇模式中,多巴胺性神经元上的D2R自体受器(英语:autoreceptor)能避免神经元死亡,进而引发类帕金森病的症状。Alternative splicing of this gene results in three transcript variants encoding different isoform(英语:isoform)s.The long form (D2Lh) has the "canonical" sequence and functions as a classic post-synaptic receptor.The short form (D2Sh) is pre-synaptic and functions as an autoreceptor(英语:autoreceptor) that regulates the levels of dopamine in the synaptic cleft.Agonism of D2sh receptors inhibits dopamine release; antagonism increases dopaminergic(英语:dopaminergic) release.A third D2(Longer) form differs from the canonical sequence where 270V is replaced by VVQ.等位基因变异:Some researchers have previously associated the polymorphism Taq 1A (rs1800497) to the DRD2 gene.
However, the polymorphism resides in exon 8 of the ANKK1(英语:ANKK1) gene.DRD2 TaqIA polymorphism has been reported to be associated with an increased risk for developing motor
fluctuations but not hallucinations in Parkinson's disease.Most of the older antipsychotic drugs such as chlorpromazine and haloperidol are antagonists for the dopamine D2 receptor, but are, in general, very unselective, at best selective only for the "D2-like family" receptors and so binding to D2, D3 and D4, and often also to many other receptors such as those for serotonin and histamine, resulting in a range of side-effects and making them poor agents for scientific research. In similar manner, older dopamine agonists used for Parkinson's disease such as bromocriptine and cabergoline(英语:cabergoline) are poorly selective for one dopamine receptor over another, and, although most of these agents do act as D2 agonists, they affect other subtypes as well. Several selective D2 ligands are, however, now available, and this number is likely to increase as further research progresses.The dopamine receptor D2 has been shown to interact with EPB41L1(英语:EPB41L1),PPP1R9B(英语:PPP1R9B)and NCS-1(英语:NCS-1).The D2 receptor forms receptor heterodimers(英语:GPCR oligomer) in vivo (in living animals) with other G protein-coupled receptors; these include:The D2 receptor has been shown to form hetorodimers in vitro (and possibly in vivo) with DRD3(英语:Dopamine D3 receptor),DRD5(英语:Dopamine receptor D5),and 5-HT2A(英语:5-HT2A receptor).多巴胺受体D2引用了美国国家医学图书馆提供的数据,这些数据属于公共领域。Template:Dopaminergics
相关
- 胰脂肪酶胰脂肪酶(Pancrelipases),特别是它的缓释剂型(例如: Creon, Pancreaze, Pertzye, Ultresa, Zenpep) 是猪源性胰淀粉酶的商用混合物(作用于淀粉水解酶),胰脂肪酶和胰凝乳蛋白
- 吸入性吸入性肺炎是一种肺部感染,这是由于胃或口腔进入肺部的物质相对较多引起的。症状通常包括相对较快发作的发热和咳嗽。并发症可能包括肺脓肿。其中一些病例为化学性肺炎亚型,由
- 斯涅尔定律当光波从一种介质传播到另一种具有不同折射率的介质时,会发生折射现象,其入射角与折射角之间的关系,可以用斯涅尔定律(Snell's Law)来描述。斯涅尔定律是因荷兰物理学家威理博·
- 夸休可尔症夸休可尔症(英语:Kwashiorkor),即恶性营养不良,又称蛋白質缺乏症,台湾亦称作红孩儿症,是一种营养不良症,其致病原因尚有争议,目前普遍认为是由于蛋白质摄入不足而导致。此病症通常发
- 顶体在真菌学中,顶体(德语:Spitzenkörper、英语:apical body)指的是菌丝顶端负责菌丝生长、延长的区域,由许多囊泡组成,在孢子萌发及菌丝要分支时特别明显,在光学显微镜下即可看见。顶
- 眼球眼(亦称眼睛、目、目睭)是视觉的器官,可以感知光线,转换为神经中电化学的脉冲。比较复杂的眼睛是一个光学系统,可以收集周遭环境的光线,借由虹膜调整进入眼睛的强度,利用可调整的晶
- 蚯蚓蚯蚓是对环节动物门环带纲寡毛类动物的通称。在科学分类中,它们属于单向蚓目。身体细长,两侧对称,由很多环节组成,每节外形都很相似;没有骨骼,在体表覆盖一层具有色素的薄角质层。
- 公共经济学公共经济学(英语:Public economics)为经济学的一支,过去多以财政学命名,然就近代经济学发展而言,财政学一词已无法涵盖其学说内容,近代也有人称之为公共部门经济学(public sector ec
- 生理生理学(英语:physiology/ˌfɪziˈɒlədʒi/; 来自古希腊语 φύσις (physis),意即:“nature, origin”,和 -λογία (-logia),意即:“study of” ) 是生物学的一门子领域,研
- 抗精神病药抗精神病药(英语:antipsychotic),是抗精神失常药的一种。可在不影响意识清醒的条件下,控制兴奋、躁动、幻觉及妄想等症状。因常主要用于精神分裂症,故也称精神分裂症药。抗精神病